4. You should expect to pass how far off buoy «12»?

The correct answer is 0.8 mile, representing the perpendicular distance from the planned track to buoy «12» measured on the chart's latitude scale. This distance is determined by drawing a line from the buoy to the track at a 90-degree angle and measuring the length of that line using the latitude scale (left or right edge of the chart) in nautical miles.