13. Which of the devices listed is installed on a diesel engine to isolate some of the crankshaft vibrations caused by rotational and reciprocating forces?

A torsional vibration damper is installed on diesel engines to absorb and reduce torsional vibrations caused by rotational and reciprocating forces. These vibrations, resulting from uneven torque pulses, can damage the crankshaft; the damper mitigates this by converting vibrational energy into heat. Other options, such as planetary gear sets, clutches, and air bladder clutches, are primarily for torque transmission or engagement, not vibration isolation.