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Mate (Oceans or Near Coastal (Uninspected Fishing Industry Vessel))
Q191 — Navigation General: Oceans
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1. As a vessel changes course to starboard, which is TRUE concerning the compass card in a magnetic compass?
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2. At 0000 you fix your position and plot a new DR track line. At 0200 you again fix your position, and it is 0.5 mile east of your DR. Which statement is TRUE?
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3. On 6 July, at 1000 zone time, you cross the 180th meridian steaming westward. What is your local time?
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4. When adjusting a magnetic compass for error, which is TRUE concerning the deviation table?
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5. Which aid is NOT marked on a chart with a magenta circle?
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6. When is an air mass termed "warm"?
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7. How are altocumulus clouds defined?
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8. Which term is the angle measured eastward from the vernal equinox along the celestial equator often expressed in time units?
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9. What is the approximate geographic range of Point Judith Light, Rhode Island, if your height of eye is 62 feet (18.9 meters)? Refer to "Reprints from the LIGHT LISTS AND COAST PILOTS". (use charted range of 20 miles as nominal range)
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10. Which term is given to the arc of an hour circle between the celestial equator and a point on the celestial sphere, measured northward or southward through 90°?
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11. The ARPA may swap targets when automatically tracking if two targets are in which situation?
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12. Your ARPA has been tracking a target and has generated the targets course and speed. The radar did not receive a target echo on its last two scans due to the weather. What should you expect under these circumstances?
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13. Ascending and descending air masses with different temperatures is part of an important heat transmitting process in our atmosphere. Which term is given to this process?
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14. Which are associated with Cumulonimbus clouds?
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15. What is the average speed of movement of a hurricane prior to recurvature?
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16. To avoid error, how should you read the scale of an aneroid barometer?
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17. Barometers are calibrated at which standard temperature?
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18. What benefit is a weather bulletin to a mariner?
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19. Which best defines current?
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20. A body can only be observed at lower transit when __________.
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21. Brief, violent showers frequently accompanied by thunder and lightning are usually associated with __________.
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22. How are buoys which mark isolated dangers painted?
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23. A cardinal mark showing an uninterrupted quick-flashing white light indicates the deepest water is located in which quadrant?
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24. In most cases, the direction of the apparent wind lies between the bow and which reference point?
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25. What causes the error of collimation with regards to the four adjustments to a sextant?
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26. What causes permanent magnetism on a vessel?
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27. What can cause a tsunami?
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28. What is a characteristic of cardinal marks?
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29. Which characteristic and color will a preferred-channel buoy show?
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30. What is a characteristic of a rhumb line?
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31. What do chart legends printed in capital letters indicate about the associated landmark?
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32. Which class of tide prevails in the greatest number of important harbors on the Atlantic Coast?
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33. Which clouds is a thin, whitish, high cloud popularly known as "mares' tails"?
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34. When cold air displaces warm air, you have which type of front?
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35. What color lights do lighted information markers display?
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36. What are the colors of a mid-channel daymark?
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37. Which is TRUE if the compass heading and the magnetic heading are the same?
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38. Which condition indicates that you are in a hurricane's dangerous semicircle in the Northern hemisphere?
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39. Which condition(s) is(are) necessary for the formation of dew?
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40. Which condition would most likely result in fog?
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41. By convention, the Earth's south magnetic pole is which color?
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42. When correcting the sextant altitude to apparent altitude you are correcting for inaccuracies in the reading and __________.
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43. Which corrector will compensate for the deviation which is maximum on intercardinal compass headings?
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44. You are on course 209°T. In order to check the longitude of your vessel, you should observe a celestial body on which bearing?
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45. You are on course 138°T. To check the latitude of your vessel you should observe a celestial body on which bearing?
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46. You are on course 312°T. To check the speed of your vessel you should observe a celestial body on which bearing?
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47. You are on course 222°T and take a relative bearing of a lighthouse of 025°. What is the true bearing to the lighthouse?
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48. Which current is in many respects, similar to the Gulf Stream?
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49. If the current and wind are in the same direction, what does the sea surface represent concern the true wind speed?
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50. The most dangerous form of icing encountered at sea is formed by which of the following?
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51. Where can information about the direction and velocity of rotary tidal currents be found?
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52. Which term is given to the database resulting from (1) the transformation of the electronic navigational chart (ENC) by ECDIS for appropriate use, (2) the updates to the ENC by appropriate means, and (3) the additional data added by the mariner?
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53. Which datum is used for soundings on charts of the East Coast of the United States?
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54. When daylight savings time is kept, the times of tide and current calculations must be adjusted. How can this be accomplished?
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55. During daylight savings time the meridian used for determining the time is located farther __________.
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56. What daymark has NO lateral significance?
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57. Which daymark has no lateral significance?
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58. Which is TRUE of a dead reckoning (DR) plot?
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59. The vertical distance from the tidal datum to the level of the water is the __________.
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60. Which describes the precession of the equinoxes of the Earth?
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61. Which describes the wind circulation around a high-pressure center in the Northern Hemisphere?
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62. It is desirable that a vessel encountering hurricane or typhoon conditions sends weather reports to the closest meteorological service at which time interval?
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63. The dew point is reached when which condition occurs?
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64. Which is the difference between the DR position and a fix, both of which have the same time?
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65. The difference of latitude (l) between the geographic position (GP) of a celestial body and your position, at the time of upper transit, is represented by __________.
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66. What is the difference in local time between an observer on 114°W and one on 119°W?
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67. Which is TRUE for the directive force acting on a gyrocompass?
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68. Which is the dividing meridian between zone descriptions -7 and -8?
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69. A Doppler speed log indicates speed through the water __________.
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70. When drawing a weather map and an isobar crosses a front, the isobar is drawn __________.
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71. The dry-bulb temperature is 78°F (26°C) and the wet-bulb temperature is 68°F (20°C). What is the relative humidity?
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72. ECDIS must give an alarm for which of the following cases?
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73. You are enroute to assist vessel A. Vessel A is underway at 4.5 knots on course 233°T, and bears 264°T, 68 miles from you. What is the time to intercept if you make 13 knots?
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74. You are enroute to assist vessel A. Vessel A is underway at 4.5 knots on course 233°T, and bears 346°T at 68 miles from you. What is the course to steer at 13 knots to intercept vessel A?
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75. You are enroute to assist vessel A. Vessel A is underway at 5 knots on course 063°T, and bears 136°T at 78 miles from you. What is the course to steer and running time at 13 knots to intercept vessel A?
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76. You are entering an African port and see ahead of you a red can-shaped buoy. What action should you take?
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77. The equation of time is 12m 00s and the mean Sun is ahead of the apparent Sun. If you are on the central meridian of your time zone, at what zone time will the apparent Sun cross the meridian?
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78. What can be expected with the presence of stratus clouds and a dying wind?
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79. What does the expression "the air is saturated" mean?
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80. Which is a feature of a special daymark?
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81. You will find daily information about the duration of slack water in a port on the Atlantic Coast in which publication?
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82. Which is TRUE concerning a first magnitude star?
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83. Fog forms when the air temperature is at or below __________.
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84. How can you follow the approach of a dangerous cyclonic storm?
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85. Which of the following is the most accurate method of determining gyrocompass error while underway?
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86. Which of the following data layer categories is NOT displayed on ECDIS?
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87. General information about the location, characteristics, facilities, and services for U.S. and foreign ports may be obtained from which publication?
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88. In general, on how many radio channels will an automatic identification system (AIS) operate?
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89. At about GMT 1436, on 3 December, the lower limb of the Moon is observed with a sextant having an index error of 2.5' on the arc. The height of eye is 32 feet. The sextant altitude (hs) is 3°38.8'. What is the observed altitude?
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90. A great circle crosses the equator at 141°E. It will also cross the equator at what other longitude?
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91. A great circle will intersect the equator at how many degrees of longitude apart?
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92. When is the greatest directive horizontal force exerted on the magnetic compass of a vessel?
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93. If the gyrocompass error is east, what describes the error and the correction to be made to gyrocompass headings to obtain true headings?
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94. What is the gyrocompass error resulting from your vessel's movement in OTHER than an east-west direction?
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95. What happens to the barometric pressure after a cold front passes?
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96. What happens to the intensity of a hurricane as it reaches higher latitudes and cooler waters?
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97. The height of a light is measured from which reference plane?
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98. In the horizon system of coordinates what is equivalent to the declination of the equator system?
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99. In the horizon system of coordinates what is equivalent to the equator on the Earth?
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100. In the horizon system of coordinates what is equivalent to the poles on the Earth?
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101. Under the IALA-B Buoyage System, when entering from seaward, a buoy that should be left to port will be which color?
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102. In the IALA Buoyage System, what do buoys with alternating red and green horizontal bands indicate?
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103. Under the IALA-A Buoyage System, a buoy indicating the preferred channel is to port would have __________.
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104. Under the U.S. Aids to Navigation System, what does a lighted buoy with a spherical topmark mark indicate?
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105. Under the IALA Buoyage System, which topmark shown in illustration D023NG below will be displayed on a safe watermark?
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106. Under the IALA Buoyage Systems, which is TRUE of safe water marks?
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107. Illustration D011NG below represents the geographic location of a vessel and the radar presentation at the same time. Which statement is TRUE?
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108. In illustration D039NG below, what type of cloud is indicated by the number one?
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109. You are inbound in a channel marked by a range. The range line is 216°T. You are steering 213°T and have the range in sight as shown in illustration D048NG below. Which action should you take?
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110. What indicates that a tropical cyclone may be within 500 to 1,000 miles of your position?
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111. What information is NOT found in the chart title?
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112. Which information does the outer ring of a compass rose on a nautical chart provide?
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113. Information about the pilotage available at Miami harbor may best be obtained from which publication?
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114. How are you informed of defects or changes in aids to navigation?
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115. What is used to measure wind velocity?
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116. At which interval should a traditional spring driven marine chronometer be rewound?
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117. On an isomagnetic chart, which term is used for the line of zero variation?
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118. Which item in illustration D034NG below shows a flashing light?
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119. The largest waves (heaviest chop) will usually develop where the wind blows __________.
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120. A latitude line will be obtained by observing a body __________.
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121. Which level of accuracy can be obtained utilizing the U.S. Coast Guard's Maritime Differential GPS in an established coverage area?
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122. Which light characteristic may be used on a special mark?
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123. Which light characteristic may be used on a special purpose mark?
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124. Which term describes a light, feathery deposit of ice by sublimation of water vapor directly into the crystalline form on objects whose temperatures are below freezing?
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125. Which is TRUE concerning Light Lists for coastal waters?
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126. The Light List indicates that a dayboard is a type KGW. You should take which action?
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127. The Light List shows that a navigational light has a nominal range of 12 miles and a height above water of 25 feet (7.6 meters). Your height of eye is 30 feet (9.1 meters) and the visibility is 0.5 mile. At what approximate range will you first sight the light?
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128. What is the light phase characteristic of a lighted isolated-danger mark?
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129. Which line connects the points of zero magnetic dip?
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130. The line of position determined from a sight with an observed altitude (Ho) of 88°45.0' should be __________.
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131. The line of position should be plotted as a circle around the GP of the body when the Ho exceeds what minimum value?
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132. Which term is given to a line on a weather chart connecting places which have the same barometric pressure?
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133. A List of Lights entry (L Fl) is a single flashing light which shows a long flash of not less than which duration?
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134. Which of the listed properties does warm air possess?
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135. Some locations maintain a zone time of -13. What are the zone time and date if the Greenwich time and date are 0152, 10 January?
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136. Your longitude is 179°59'W. The LMT at this longitude is 23h 56m on the 4th day of the month. Six minutes later, your position is 179°59'E longitude. What is your LMT and date?
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137. What is the longitude of the geographical position of a body whose Greenwich hour angle is 210°30'?
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138. At the magnetic equator there is no induced magnetism in the vertical soft iron because __________.
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139. The magnitude of three stars is indicated. Which star is the brightest?
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140. How many fixed objects are needed to plot a running fix?
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141. A marine sextant has the index arm set at zero and the reflected image of the horizon forms a continuous line with the actual image. When the sextant is rotated about the line of sight the images separate. The sextant has which error?
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142. Which maritime radio system, consisting of a series of coast stations, transmits coastal warnings?
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143. Mean low water is the average height of __________.
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144. Mean lower low water is the reference plane used for which measurements?
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145. The measurement of local time is based on the passage of the Sun over the __________.
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146. Which term is given to the mechanical lifting of air by the upslope slant of the terrain?
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147. Which meteorological feature controls the climate of the Gulf of Mexico and the coastal area during late spring and summer?
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148. In mid-ocean, the characteristics of a wave are determined by three factors. What is NOT one of these factors?
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149. When the moon is at first quarter or third quarter phase, what type of tides will occur?
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150. At morning stars, the last stars that should be observed are those with an azimuth in which quadrant?
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151. A NAVAREA warning carries the following number: 1986/87 (11). Which statement is TRUE?
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152. The navigational triangle uses parts of two systems of coordinates, one of which is the celestial equator system, which is the other system?
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153. A navigator fixing a vessel's position by radar __________.
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154. When do neap tides occur?
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155. Which is a nonadjustable error of the sextant?
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156. In North America, which direction do the majority of the weather systems move?
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157. In the North Sea area, you sight a buoy showing a quick white light with 9 flashes every 15 seconds. Which of the four topmarks shown in illustration D030NG below would be fitted to the buoy?
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158. In the Northern Hemisphere, when the center of a high-pressure system is due east of your position, you can expect winds from which direction?
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159. In the Northern Hemisphere, if your vessel is in a hurricane's navigable semicircle where should you position the wind relative to the vessel?
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160. How can Northern right whales can be identified?
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161. If an observer in the Northern Hemisphere faces the surface wind, where is the center of low pressure located?
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162. Ocean swells originating from a typhoon can move ahead of it at speeds near __________.
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163. How often are the time signals broadcast by WWV and WWVH transmitted?
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164. An orange and white buoy indicating a vessel-exclusion area will be marked with what symbol?
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165. In order to remove side error from a sextant, which adjustment can be made?
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166. You are outbound in a buoyed channel on course 015°T. You sight a white light showing a Morse
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167. In some parts of the world there is often a slight fall in tide during the middle of the high water period. The effect is to create a longer period of stand at higher water. This special feature is called a(n) __________.
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168. When is the peak of the hurricane season in the western North Pacific?
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169. You are planning a voyage from San Francisco to Japan. Which publication contains information on the ocean routes?
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170. You are plotting a running fix in an area where there is a determinable current. How should this current be treated in determining the position?
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171. Your present weather is sunny with a steady barometer. A low swell approaches your vessel from the south with crests passing at relatively long periods of about four per minute. What does this usually indicate?
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172. What is the primary source of the earth's weather?
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173. Prior to reading an aneroid barometer, why should you tap the face lightly with your finger?
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174. You are proceeding up a channel at night. It is marked by a range which bears 185°T. You steady up on a compass course of 180° with the range in line dead ahead. This indicates that you(r) __________.
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175. What publication has information on the climate, distances, navigation regulations, outstanding landmarks, channels and anchorages of Long Island Sound?
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176. Which radar control reduces weak echoes out to a limited distance from the ship?
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177. Your radar displays your ship off center. As you proceed on your course, your ship's marker moves on the PPI scope while echoes from land masses remain stationary. What is this display called?
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178. Which is TRUE of Radiation fog?
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179. The radius of a circle of equal altitude of a body is equal to the __________.
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180. What is the reaction of a gyrocompass to an applied force known as?
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181. What do red sectors of navigation lights warn mariners of?
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182. Which is the region containing 3/4 of the mass of the atmosphere and to which are confined such phenomena as clouds, storms, precipitation and changing weather conditions?
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183. IN REGION A of the IALA Buoyage System, when entering from seaward, how would the starboard side of a channel be marked?
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184. In both regions of the IALA buoyage system, which topmark shown in illustration D022NG below is used on a special mark?
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185. What is the relative bearing of an object on the port beam?
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186. Relative humidity is the percentage of water vapor that is in the air as compared to the maximum amount it can hold at __________.
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187. With respect to failure warnings and status indications, GPS receivers should provide, at a minimum, __________.
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188. With respect to a reversing current, when does slack water occur?
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189. What results when warm moist air blows over a colder surface and is cooled below its dew point?
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190. You are running parallel to the coast and estimate that the current is against you. In plotting a running fix using bearings from the same object on the coast, the greatest safety margin from inshore dangers will result if what speed is used to determine the fix?
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191. Safe water buoys may show ONLY which type of light?
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192. A safe water daymark has what shape?
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193. The set of the North Equatorial Countercurrent is generally in which direction?
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194. If several navigational lights are visible at the same time, each one may be positively identified by checking all of the following EXCEPT what against the Light List?
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195. A sidereal day is approximately how much shorter than a solar day?
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196. You sight a buoy fitted with a double-sphere topmark. If sighted at night, what color and light sequence would you expect to see?
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197. What is a sling psychrometer used to measure?
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198. What does a slow rise in the barometric pressure forecast?
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199. In which source could you find the number of a chart for a certain geographic area?
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200. In the Southern Hemisphere winds in a low pressure system rotate in which direction?
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201. Which term is used to describe the speed at which an ocean wave system advances?
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202. The Star Lists in the Nautical Almanac are based on which of the following magnitudes?
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203. Which statement concerning the chartlet seen in illustration D010NG below is TRUE? (Soundings and heights are in meters)
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204. Which statement about gyrocompass error is TRUE?
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205. Which statement is TRUE for an unlighted, red and green, horizontally-banded buoy with the topmost band red?
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206. While steaming on course 280°T, you sight a buoy showing a very quick flashing (VQ) white light well to port. Maintaining course, you sight another buoy showing a quick flashing (Q) white light. How should you pass?
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207. You are steaming west in the South Atlantic in an extratropical cyclonic storm, and the wind is dead ahead. According to the law of Buys Ballot, where does the center of low pressure lie?
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208. While steaming north of the Irish coast, you sight a buoy which shows the light rhythm shown in illustration D028NG below. How would you pass this buoy?
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209. You are steaming southward along the west coast of the United States when you encounter a buoy showing a flashing red light. Which is TRUE concerning the buoy?
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210. You are steering a southerly course, and you note that the chart predicts an easterly current. Without considering wind, how may you allow for the set?
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211. A sylphon cell is a part of which instrument?
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212. You take a bearing of 086° of a lighthouse. Which bearing of another object would give the best fix?
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213. Which is TRUE as the temperature of the air reaches the dew point?
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214. Temperature and moisture characteristics are modified in a warm or cold air mass due to which factor?
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215. Which is the term given to the time required for a lighted aid to complete a full cycle of light changes?
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216. Which term refers to the direction a current is flowing?
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217. Which term is used to describe a generally circular low-pressure area?
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218. Which term is used to describe the wind speed and direction observed from a moving vessel?
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219. Which theoretical minimum number of measurements from satellites does a GPS receiver need in order to provide an exact three-dimensional position?
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220. Which topmark shown in illustration D023NG below identifies an isolated danger?
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221. On a transpacific voyage, you receive a message from your vessel's operators saying that your vessel has been consigned to voluntary Naval Cooperation and Guidance for Shipping (NCAGS). Where can further information be located?
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222. In a tropical cyclone, in the Northern Hemisphere, a vessel hove to with the wind shifting counterclockwise is located in which position?
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223. Tropical storms and hurricanes are most likely to form in the Southern hemisphere during which months?
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224. Which is TRUE if the compass error of a magnetic compass has no deviation?
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225. Which is TRUE concerning the magnetic information on a chart?
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226. Which is TRUE concerning a relative bearing?
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227. Which is TRUE of the direction of flow (channel) on the Corps of Engineer's Navigation Maps?
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228. Which is TRUE for a sextant having an index error that is "on the arc"?
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229. Which is TRUE of the velocity of the current in large coastal harbors?
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230. Which is TRUE of a vertically-striped buoy?
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231. What type of clouds are associated with a cold front?
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232. Which type of cloud is hail most likely to fall from?
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233. Which type of precipitation is a product of the violent convection in thunderstorms?
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234. Under the U.S. Aids to Navigation System, a special mark possesses which of the following characteristics?
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235. You are underway on course 050°T and your maximum speed is 13 knots. The eye of a hurricane bears 120°T, 100 miles from your position. The hurricane is moving towards 265°T at 25 knots. What course should you steer at 13 knots to have the maximum CPA?
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236. You are underway on course 328°T when you sight a buoy broad on your port bow. Which would indicate that you are in the best navigable water?
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237. While underway vessels equipped with an automatic identification system (AIS) are required to transmit specific information at varying intervals. What information contained in a class A unit broadcast is only required to be transmitted every six minutes?
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238. Under the Uniform State Waterway Marking System how is a mooring buoy painted?
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239. It is unlawful to approach within how many yards of a Northern Right Whale?
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240. The upper vertex of a great circle track is in LONG 156°00'E. Sailing eastward, the great circle track will cross the equator in which LONG?
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241. When using horizontal sextant angles of three objects to fix your position, an indeterminate position will result in which situation?
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242. When using a mechanical (windup type) marine chronometer, how often should it be reset?
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243. When using a radar in an unstabilized mode, fixes are determined most easily from __________.
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244. The values of the Greenwich hour angle and declination, tabulated in all almanacs, are for the _________.
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245. The velocity of a rotary tidal current will increase when the Moon is at which phase?
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246. The velocity of the wind, its steady direction, and the amount of time it has blown determines what about a wind driven current?
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247. The vertex of a great circle track is in LONG 109°E. Which longitude would an eastbound vessel cross the equator?
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248. Your vessel is located at position I on the weather map in illustration D013NG below. You should experience which weather condition?
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249. Your vessel is leaving New York harbor in dense fog. As the vessel slowly proceeds toward sea, you sight a green can buoy on the starboard bow. Which action should you take?
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250. Your vessel is making way through the water at a speed of 12 knots. Your vessel traveled 30 nautical miles in 2 hours 20 minutes. What current are you experiencing?
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251. What weather change accompanies the passage of a cold front in the Northern Hemisphere?
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252. Weather information provided by the National Weather Service (NWS) advisories should be used along with which other source of information?
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253. Weather observations provided by each weather station include all of the following except which item?
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254. What does a white buoy with an orange circle marked on it indicate?
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255. What do widely spaced isobars on a weather map indicate?
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256. You wish to measure the distance on a Mercator chart between a point in latitude 42°30'N and a point in latitude 40°30'N. To measure 30 miles at a time where should you set the points of the dividers to obtain the most accuracy?
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257. When within 300 miles of a named tropical storm or hurricane, it is standard practice to send weather reports at which time interval?
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258. Where would you expect to find channels marked with the IALA-A Buoyage System?
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259. Yellow lights may appear on which buoys?
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260. Yesterday your chronometer read 03h 01m 56s at the 1500 GMT time tick. Today your chronometer read 03h 01m 58s at the 1500 GMT time tick. What is the chronometer error?
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261. Yesterday your chronometer read 11h 59m 58s at the 1200 GMT time tick. Today your chronometer reads 12h 00m 00s at the 1200 time tick. What is the chronometer rate?
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262. Yesterday your chronometer read 11h 59m 59s at the 1200 GMT time tick. Today the chronometer reads 11h 59m 57s at the 1200 time tick. What is the chronometer rate?
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263. Yesterday you took a time tick using the 1200 GMT broadcast, and the chronometer read 11h 59m 59s. Today at the 1200 GMT time tick the chronometer read 00h 00m 01s. What is the chronometer error?
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264. The zenith is the point on the celestial sphere that is __________.
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265. Which clouds is a thin, whitish, high cloud popularly known as "mares' tails"?
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266. Which item in illustration D034NG below shows a fixed and flashing light?
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267. The Light List shows that a navigational light has a nominal range of 15 miles and a height above water of 40 feet (12.2 meters). Your height of eye is 25 feet (7.6 meters) and the visibility is 5 miles. At about what range will you FIRST sight the light?
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268. The Light List indicates that a light has a nominal range of 13 miles and is 36 feet high. If the visibility is 17 miles and your height of eye is 25 feet, at what approximate distance will you sight the light?
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269. Geographic range is the maximum distance at which a light may be seen under which conditions?
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